Flexible and 3D formable capacitive touchscreen sensors enable development of consumer and business products where buttons can be replaced with touch-based UIs. Such UIs can be fully flexible, foldable, or roll-able or solid but three-dimensional (3D) in shape. Also promoting cleanliness and reliability, sensors are suited for use in such areas as wearables, household appliances, whitegoods, medical, automotive, and industrial applications.