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Hurricane Sam Forecast Advisory Number 10
2021-09-25 04:33:49| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)
Issued at 0300 UTC SAT SEP 25 2021 000 WTNT23 KNHC 250233 TCMAT3 HURRICANE SAM FORECAST/ADVISORY NUMBER 10 NWS NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL AL182021 0300 UTC SAT SEP 25 2021 THERE ARE NO COASTAL WATCHES OR WARNINGS IN EFFECT. HURRICANE CENTER LOCATED NEAR 12.4N 45.9W AT 25/0300Z POSITION ACCURATE WITHIN 15 NM PRESENT MOVEMENT TOWARD THE WEST-NORTHWEST OR 285 DEGREES AT 12 KT ESTIMATED MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE 982 MB EYE DIAMETER 10 NM MAX SUSTAINED WINDS 85 KT WITH GUSTS TO 105 KT. 64 KT....... 15NE 10SE 5SW 10NW. 50 KT....... 30NE 20SE 15SW 20NW. 34 KT....... 50NE 40SE 30SW 50NW. 12 FT SEAS..105NE 75SE 75SW 105NW. WINDS AND SEAS VARY GREATLY IN EACH QUADRANT. RADII IN NAUTICAL MILES ARE THE LARGEST RADII EXPECTED ANYWHERE IN THAT QUADRANT. REPEAT...CENTER LOCATED NEAR 12.4N 45.9W AT 25/0300Z AT 25/0000Z CENTER WAS LOCATED NEAR 12.3N 45.4W FORECAST VALID 25/1200Z 12.7N 47.4W MAX WIND 100 KT...GUSTS 120 KT. 64 KT... 20NE 10SE 10SW 10NW. 50 KT... 30NE 20SE 20SW 20NW. 34 KT... 60NE 60SE 40SW 60NW. FORECAST VALID 26/0000Z 13.1N 48.8W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. 64 KT... 25NE 15SE 10SW 20NW. 50 KT... 40NE 30SE 20SW 30NW. 34 KT... 70NE 70SE 40SW 60NW. FORECAST VALID 26/1200Z 13.5N 50.0W MAX WIND 115 KT...GUSTS 140 KT. 64 KT... 25NE 15SE 10SW 20NW. 50 KT... 40NE 30SE 20SW 30NW. 34 KT... 80NE 70SE 50SW 70NW. FORECAST VALID 27/0000Z 14.1N 51.2W MAX WIND 120 KT...GUSTS 145 KT. 64 KT... 30NE 25SE 20SW 25NW. 50 KT... 50NE 40SE 30SW 40NW. 34 KT... 90NE 80SE 60SW 80NW. FORECAST VALID 27/1200Z 14.8N 52.4W MAX WIND 120 KT...GUSTS 145 KT. 50 KT... 50NE 40SE 30SW 40NW. 34 KT... 90NE 90SE 60SW 80NW. FORECAST VALID 28/0000Z 15.7N 53.5W MAX WIND 115 KT...GUSTS 140 KT. 50 KT... 50NE 40SE 30SW 40NW. 34 KT...100NE 90SE 60SW 90NW. EXTENDED OUTLOOK. NOTE...ERRORS FOR TRACK HAVE AVERAGED NEAR 150 NM ON DAY 4 AND 175 NM ON DAY 5...AND FOR INTENSITY NEAR 15 KT EACH DAY OUTLOOK VALID 29/0000Z 17.4N 55.8W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. OUTLOOK VALID 30/0000Z 19.5N 58.8W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. REQUEST FOR 3 HOURLY SHIP REPORTS WITHIN 300 MILES OF 12.4N 45.9W NEXT ADVISORY AT 25/0900Z $$ FORECASTER BERG
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Hurricane Sam Forecast Discussion Number 9
2021-09-24 22:57:16| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)
Issued at 500 PM AST Fri Sep 24 2021 000 WTNT43 KNHC 242057 TCDAT3 Hurricane Sam Discussion Number 9 NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL AL182021 500 PM AST Fri Sep 24 2021 Sam's structure on satellite has improved this afternoon, with overshooting cloud tops rotating quickly around the small central dense overcast, providing the appearance that the hurricane is mixing out the dry air that affected its core structure this morning. In fact, the last few visible satellite images suggest that a small eye is clearing out within the cirrus canopy. Interestingly, a recent 1930 UTC SSMIS pass suggests concentric bands are also forming in Sam's core structure and it remains to be seen how that structure will affect the wind field evolution of the hurricane. The latest subjective Dvorak intensities estimates form TAFB and SAB were a consensus T4.5/75 kt, while the latest SATCON and ADT estimates from UW-CIMSS have also increased this afternoon. The current advisory intensity has been set to 75-kt. Given the recent trends on satellite, this may be conservative. The motion of Sam has remained on the same heading, though the storm is beginning to slow down with the estimate now at 280/10 kt. An additional slowdown in forward motion is anticipated in the short-term as the mid-level ridging shuffles to the northwest of the tropical cyclone, impeding its forward motion. However, after 72 hours, this same ridge is expected to shift back to the northeast of Sam as a deep-layer trough off the Eastern United States coastline becomes established. Track guidance spread increases towards the end of the forecast, with the ECMWF and GFS remaining at odds, with the former on the equatorward side, and the latter on the poleward side of the track envelope. The consensus aids, however, have changed little from the previous advisory and the latest NHC track forecast is quite similar to the previous one. Now that Sam appears to have mixed out the dry air seen this morning, intensification, likely rapid, is resuming. The only fly in the ointment is the current concentric banding structure on microwave imagery, which hints at the possibility of an eyewall replacement cycle. Assuming the smaller eye will not collapse in the short term, rapid intensification appears likely over the next 12-24 hours and the intensity has been raised in the short term, taking Sam to major hurricane intensity by tomorrow. The latest NHC intensity forecast now shows a slightly higher peak at 120-kt in 48 hours followed by very gradual decay, due to a subtle increase in vertical wind shear, potentially some upwelling effects due to the slow forward notion, and eyewall replacement cycles that could lead to a broadening of the wind field. The latest NHC intensity forecast starts out on the high side of the intensity guidance but ends up very close to the HCCA consensus aid by the end of the forecast period. Regardless of the details, Sam is expected to be a significant hurricane through the forecast period. FORECAST POSITIONS AND MAX WINDS INIT 24/2100Z 12.1N 44.8W 75 KT 85 MPH 12H 25/0600Z 12.3N 46.5W 90 KT 105 MPH 24H 25/1800Z 12.7N 48.1W 105 KT 120 MPH 36H 26/0600Z 13.1N 49.3W 115 KT 130 MPH 48H 26/1800Z 13.5N 50.5W 120 KT 140 MPH 60H 27/0600Z 14.3N 51.7W 115 KT 130 MPH 72H 27/1800Z 15.1N 52.9W 115 KT 130 MPH 96H 28/1800Z 16.9N 55.1W 110 KT 125 MPH 120H 29/1800Z 18.9N 58.1W 110 KT 125 MPH $$ Forecaster Papin
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Hurricane Sam Wind Speed Probabilities Number 9
2021-09-24 22:52:45| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)
Issued at 2100 UTC FRI SEP 24 2021 000 FONT13 KNHC 242052 PWSAT3 HURRICANE SAM WIND SPEED PROBABILITIES NUMBER 9 NWS NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL AL182021 2100 UTC FRI SEP 24 2021 AT 2100Z THE CENTER OF HURRICANE SAM WAS LOCATED NEAR LATITUDE 12.1 NORTH...LONGITUDE 44.8 WEST WITH MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WINDS NEAR 75 KTS ...85 MPH...140 KM/H. Z INDICATES COORDINATED UNIVERSAL TIME (GREENWICH) ATLANTIC STANDARD TIME (AST)...SUBTRACT 4 HOURS FROM Z TIME EASTERN DAYLIGHT TIME (EDT)...SUBTRACT 4 HOURS FROM Z TIME CENTRAL DAYLIGHT TIME (CDT)...SUBTRACT 5 HOURS FROM Z TIME WIND SPEED PROBABILITY TABLE FOR SPECIFIC LOCATIONS CHANCES OF SUSTAINED (1-MINUTE AVERAGE) WIND SPEEDS OF AT LEAST ...34 KT (39 MPH... 63 KM/H)... ...50 KT (58 MPH... 93 KM/H)... ...64 KT (74 MPH...119 KM/H)... FOR LOCATIONS AND TIME PERIODS DURING THE NEXT 5 DAYS PROBABILITIES FOR LOCATIONS ARE GIVEN AS OP(CP) WHERE OP IS THE PROBABILITY OF THE EVENT BEGINNING DURING AN INDIVIDUAL TIME PERIOD (ONSET PROBABILITY) (CP) IS THE PROBABILITY OF THE EVENT OCCURRING BETWEEN 18Z FRI AND THE FORECAST HOUR (CUMULATIVE PROBABILITY) PROBABILITIES ARE GIVEN IN PERCENT X INDICATES PROBABILITIES LESS THAN 1 PERCENT PROBABILITIES FOR 34 KT AND 50 KT ARE SHOWN AT A GIVEN LOCATION WHEN THE 5-DAY CUMULATIVE PROBABILITY IS AT LEAST 3 PERCENT. PROBABILITIES FOR 34...50...64 KT SHOWN WHEN THE 5-DAY 64-KT CUMULATIVE PROBABILITY IS AT LEAST 1 PERCENT. - - - - WIND SPEED PROBABILITIES FOR SELECTED LOCATIONS - - - - FROM FROM FROM FROM FROM FROM FROM TIME 18Z FRI 06Z SAT 18Z SAT 06Z SUN 18Z SUN 18Z MON 18Z TUE PERIODS TO TO TO TO TO TO TO 06Z SAT 18Z SAT 06Z SUN 18Z SUN 18Z MON 18Z TUE 18Z WED FORECAST HOUR (12) (24) (36) (48) (72) (96) (120) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LOCATION KT SAINT THOMAS 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 3( 3) SAINT MAARTEN 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 1( 1) 6( 7) SAINT MAARTEN 50 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 3( 3) SABA 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 7( 7) ST EUSTATIUS 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 1( 1) 7( 8) ST EUSTATIUS 50 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) ST EUSTATIUS 64 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 1( 1) ST KITTS-NEVIS 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 1( 1) 7( 8) ST KITTS-NEVIS 50 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) ST KITTS-NEVIS 64 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 1( 1) BARBUDA 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) 11(13) BARBUDA 50 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 4( 4) BARBUDA 64 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) ANTIGUA 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) 10(12) ANTIGUA 50 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 4( 4) ANTIGUA 64 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) GUADELOUPE 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) 8(10) GUADELOUPE 50 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 3( 3) GUADELOUPE 64 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) AVES 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 3( 3) DOMINICA 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) 5( 7) DOMINICA 50 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) DOMINICA 64 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 1( 1) MARTINIQUE 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 2( 2) 4( 6) SAINT LUCIA 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 1( 1) 3( 4) BARBADOS 34 X X( X) X( X) X( X) X( X) 3( 3) 2( 5) $$ FORECASTER PAPIN
Summary for Hurricane Sam (AT3/AL182021)
2021-09-24 22:52:14| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)
...SAM'S INTENSIFICATION RESUMES AS THE HURRICANE SLOWS ITS FORWARD MOTION... As of 5:00 PM AST Fri Sep 24 the center of Sam was located near 12.1, -44.8 with movement W at 12 mph. The minimum central pressure was 986 mb with maximum sustained winds of about 85 mph.
Hurricane Sam Public Advisory Number 9
2021-09-24 22:52:14| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)
Issued at 500 PM AST Fri Sep 24 2021 000 WTNT33 KNHC 242052 TCPAT3 BULLETIN Hurricane Sam Advisory Number 9 NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL AL182021 500 PM AST Fri Sep 24 2021 ...SAM'S INTENSIFICATION RESUMES AS THE HURRICANE SLOWS ITS FORWARD MOTION... SUMMARY OF 500 PM AST...2100 UTC...INFORMATION ---------------------------------------------- LOCATION...12.1N 44.8W ABOUT 1290 MI...2075 KM ESE OF THE NORTHERN LEEWARD ISLANDS MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WINDS...85 MPH...140 KM/H PRESENT MOVEMENT...W OR 280 DEGREES AT 12 MPH...19 KM/H MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE...986 MB...29.12 INCHES WATCHES AND WARNINGS -------------------- There are no coastal watches or warnings in effect. DISCUSSION AND OUTLOOK ---------------------- At 500 PM AST (2100 UTC), the center of Hurricane Sam was located near latitude 12.1 North, longitude 44.8 West. Sam is moving toward the west near 12 mph (19 km/h) and this motion is expected to continue with a gradual decrease in forward speed and turn toward the west-northwest over the weekend. Maximum sustained winds have increased to near 85 mph (140 km/h) with higher gusts. Rapid intensification is forecast over the next several days, and Sam is expected to become a major hurricane on Saturday. Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 15 miles (30 km) from the center and tropical-storm-force winds extend outward up to 60 miles (95 km). The estimated minimum central pressure is 986 mb (29.12 inches). HAZARDS AFFECTING LAND ---------------------- None. NEXT ADVISORY ------------- Next complete advisory at 1100 PM AST. $$ Forecaster Papin
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